1. CRISTALUL DE GRANAT DE YTTRIU SI ALUMINIU (I)

BENONE CÂRSTOCEA, RUXANDRA ANGELA PASCU
CLINICA DE OFTALMOLOGIE - SPITALUL CLINIC DE URGENŢĂ MILITAR CENTRAL, BUCUREŞTI

Cristalul de Granat de Yttriu si Aluminiu este un cristal sintetic ce reprezinta mediul activ al laserilor cu Nd:YAG, Ho:YAG respectiv Er:YAG. Acesti laseri au multiple aplicabilitati in domeniul oftalmologiei, datorita faptului ca pot genera radiatie coerenta intr-o mare varietate de regimuri (de la emisie continua pana la impulsuri gigant cu durata foarte scurta); emisia are loc in IR apropiat si plecand de la ea se poate obtine radiatie in UV sau vizibil care poate fi bine/precis focalizata cu ajutorul unor sisteme optice sau poate fi transmisa in locuri greu accesibile cu ajutorul unor fibre flexibile din sticla.

Eficienta lor ridicata (de ordinul procentelor) in tratamentele oftalmologice se realizeaza in principal prin doua efecte: cel fotodisruptiv si cel termic.

Referatul isi propune explicarea proprietatilor radiatiei laser, a structurii si modului de functionare al laserilor cu YAG si precum si prezentarea aplicatiilor acestor laseri in oftalmologie (printre care capsulotomia posterioara, iridotomia si trabeculotomia/ trabeculoplastia).

•  Cristalul de Granat de Yttriu si Aluminiu;

•  Emisie continua/ in impulsuri;

•  Efect fotodisruptiv/ efect termic;

•  Capsulotomia posterioara/ iridotomia/ trabeculotomia.

Inapoi  Sumar  Precedentul  Urmatorul

The Yttrium Aluminum Garnet Crystal is synthetically obtained and represents the active medium of the Nd: YAG, Ho: YAG, Er: YAG lasers. These solid state lasers showed very good results in Ophthalmology, due to their emission in different regimes (continuous wave or giant short pulses), at different wavelengths (near IR and starting from it in UV or visible spectre), the ability to focalize the radiation through simple optic systems or the transmission to narrow , hard accessible spaces using flexible optic fibers.

The high efficiency of these lasers reported in ophthalmology is obtained by the photodisruptive or thermic mechanism of the laser beams.

This paper introduces the properties of the laser radiation, the structure and the way the YAG laser works and the applications of these lasers in Ophthalmology(such as posterior capsulotomy, iridotomy or trabeculoplasty) as well.

•  The Yttrium Aluminum Garnet Crystal;

•  Continuous wave emission, short pulses emission;

•  Photodisruptive mechanism/ Thermic mechanism;

•  Posterior capsulotomy/ iridotomy/ trabeculoplasty.

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